Spectrometer

Definition

A spectrometer is an instrument used to measure and analyze the spectrum of light emitted, absorbed, or scattered by materials. It helps in determining the composition, temperature, density, and motion of astronomical objects.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Spectrometers can split light into its component wavelengths using a prism or diffraction grating.
2. They are essential tools for identifying the chemical elements present in stars and other celestial bodies.
3. There are different types of spectrometers such as optical, mass, and radio-frequency spectrometers used for various applications.
4. The Doppler effect observed through a spectrometer can provide information about the movement of stars and galaxies.
5. Emission and absorption lines in spectra help astronomers determine the physical conditions of astronomical objects.

Review Questions

• What role does a spectrometer play in identifying elements in stars?
• How does a diffraction grating work in a spectrometer?
• What information can be obtained from studying the emission and absorption lines in a spectrum?

Related terms

Diffraction Grating:

An optical component with a pattern that splits light into several beams traveling in different directions.

Doppler Effect:

The change in frequency or wavelength of light from an object moving relative to the observer.

Absorption Line: A dark line in a spectrum caused by absorption of specific wavelengths by material between the source and observer.