Solid

Definition

A solid is a state of matter characterized by particles arranged in a fixed, closely packed structure, resulting in a definite shape and volume. Solids resist changes to their shape and volume under normal conditions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Solids have definite shape and volume due to the strong intermolecular forces holding their particles in fixed positions.
2. The particles in a solid vibrate but do not move from their fixed locations, contributing to the rigidity of the solid.
3. There are two main types of solids: crystalline (with ordered structures) and amorphous (without long-range order).
4. Crystalline solids have distinct melting points, while amorphous solids soften over a range of temperatures.
5. Examples of solids include metals like iron, molecular solids like ice, ionic solids like table salt, and covalent network solids like diamond.

Review Questions

Related terms

Liquid:

A state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape; particles can flow past one another.

Gas:

A state of matter without a definite shape or volume; particles are far apart and move freely.

Phase Transition:

$\text{The process by which matter changes from one state (or phase) to another, such as melting or freezing.}$