Degranulation

Definition

Degranulation is the process by which immune cells release granules containing antimicrobial and signaling molecules. These granules play a crucial role in the body's defense mechanisms against pathogens.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Degranulation occurs in various immune cells, including mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils.
2. The process is triggered by the binding of antigens to specific receptors on the surface of these immune cells.
3. Degranulation releases histamines, proteases, and cytokines that contribute to inflammation and pathogen destruction.
4. It plays a significant role in hypersensitivity reactions, such as allergies and asthma.
5. Defects in degranulation can lead to immunodeficiency or heightened allergic responses.

Related terms

Histamine:

A compound released by mast cells during degranulation; it causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.

Cytokines:

Signaling proteins released by cells that mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis.

Hypersensitivity:

An exaggerated immune response to an antigen that can cause tissue damage or disease.