Attributional Processes

Definition

Attributional processes refer to the cognitive mechanisms that individuals use to explain the causes of behavior, either their own or others', and make inferences about why certain events occur.

Related terms

Fundamental Attribution Error:

This refers to the tendency for individuals to overemphasize dispositional factors (personality traits) and underestimate situational factors when explaining other people's behavior.

Self-Serving Bias:

This is the tendency for individuals to attribute their successes to internal factors but blame failures on external factors, protecting their self-esteem.

Cognitive Dissonance:

Cognitive dissonance occurs when there is a perceived inconsistency between beliefs or attitudes which leads to psychological discomfort. People may engage in attributional processes as a way of reducing this discomfort by changing their attributions.