Torque:Torque is the measure of how much force causes an object to rotate around an axis. It determines how quickly angular momentum changes.
Moment of inertia: Moment of inertia quantifies an object's resistance to changes in its rotation rate. Objects with larger moments of inertia require more torque to change their rotation.
Conservation of angular momentum: This principle states that if no external torques act on a system, then the total angular momentum remains constant.