✍🏽AP English Language
4 min read•Last Updated on June 18, 2024
This guide will discuss developing parts of a text with cause-effect and narrative methods. In your writing there are many ways to develop your writing including narration, compare and contrast, etc but we will go over cause-effect and narration specifically.
According to College Board, it is, "When developing ideas through cause-effect, writers present a cause, assert effects or
consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s)." In other words, it explains what happens and why it happens.
According to College Board, it is, "When developing ideas through narration, writers offer details about real-life experiences
and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences."
How can we use both methods?
Cause-effect method:
Narrative method:
Cause-effect method:
"The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s was a result of decades of racial inequality and segregation in the United States. As a result of this movement, African Americans were finally granted equal rights and freedoms, including the right to vote, access to education, and equal treatment under the law (Garrow, 1986). However, this progress did not come without a fight. Civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks led nonviolent protests and sit-ins to challenge the existing laws and bring attention to the issue (Garrow, 1986). As a result of these protests, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed, which prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin (Garrow, 1986). This act marked a turning point in the fight for racial equality and paved the way for future progress in civil rights."
Narrative method:
"In the summer of 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. led a march on Washington D.C. to demand equal rights for African Americans. Thousands of people from across the country joined the march to show their support for the cause (Garrow, 1986). As they walked, they sang freedom songs and chanted slogans, their voices echoing through the streets of the nation's capital (Garrow, 1986). Despite the rain that began to fall, they refused to leave, determined to make their voices heard (Garrow, 1986). Finally, after hours of marching and chanting, Martin Luther King Jr. stepped up to the Lincoln Memorial and delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, which inspired a generation and became one of the defining moments of the Civil Rights Movement (Garrow, 1986). Through this powerful speech and the nonviolent protests of the Civil Rights Movement, Martin Luther King Jr. helped to bring about change and secure equal rights for African Americans in the United States."
The use of both the cause-effect and narrative methods in writing allows for a clear and engaging presentation of information. These methods help to connect events, build tension, and illustrate the impact of events on individuals and society. By utilizing these methods, writers can effectively convey their message and leave a lasting impression on their audience.
The "I Have a Dream" speech is one of Martin Luther King Jr.'s most iconic speeches delivered during the 1963 March on Washington. It calls for an end to racism and envisions a future of equality and justice.
Term 1 of 9
The "I Have a Dream" speech is one of Martin Luther King Jr.'s most iconic speeches delivered during the 1963 March on Washington. It calls for an end to racism and envisions a future of equality and justice.
Term 1 of 9
The "I Have a Dream" speech is one of Martin Luther King Jr.'s most iconic speeches delivered during the 1963 March on Washington. It calls for an end to racism and envisions a future of equality and justice.
Term 1 of 9
Cause-effect refers to the relationship between events or actions where one event (the cause) leads to another event (the effect). It explains how and why things happen in a sequence.
Correlation: Correlation refers to a relationship between two variables where they tend to change together, but there may not be a direct cause-effect relationship.
Causation: Causation refers to a direct cause-effect relationship between two events or actions.
Consequence: Consequence refers to the result or outcome that follows from an action or event.
Chronological order refers to the arrangement of events or ideas in the order they occurred or were presented. It follows a linear timeline from beginning to end.
Flashbacks: Flashbacks are interruptions in the chronological order of a narrative that take readers back to an earlier time. They provide background information or reveal important details.
Non-linear Narratives: Non-linear narratives are stories that do not follow a strict chronological order. They may jump back and forth in time, creating a more complex structure.
Cause and Effect: Cause and effect is a relationship between events where one event (the cause) leads to another event (the effect). It helps establish connections between different parts of a text.
Descriptive language refers to using vivid words and sensory details to create mental images in writing. It helps readers visualize scenes, characters, emotions, and settings more effectively.
Imagery: Using sensory details (sight, sound, taste, touch, smell) to create mental images.
Metaphor: A figure of speech that compares two unrelated things without using "like" or "as."
Simile: A figure of speech that compares two unrelated things using "like" or "as."
The Civil Rights Movement refers to a social and political movement in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s that aimed to secure equal rights for African Americans. It involved various nonviolent protests, marches, and acts of civil disobedience.
Civil Rights Act of 1964: This landmark legislation outlawed racial segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Brown v. Board of Education: This Supreme Court case in 1954 declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, marking a significant turning point in the fight against racial inequality.
Montgomery Bus Boycott: A pivotal event in the Civil Rights Movement where African Americans boycotted segregated buses after Rosa Parks' arrest for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger.
Segregation refers to the enforced separation of different racial or ethnic groups, often resulting in unequal treatment and limited opportunities for marginalized communities.
Jim Crow Laws: These were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the United States, particularly in the South.
Civil Rights Movement: The Civil Rights Movement was a social and political movement aimed at ending racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans.
Brown v. Board of Education: This landmark Supreme Court case declared that racially segregated public schools were unconstitutional, challenging the legal basis for segregation.
Nonviolent protests involve peaceful actions and demonstrations used to bring attention to social or political issues without resorting to violence.
Civil Disobedience: Civil disobedience is a deliberate refusal to obey certain laws or commands as a form of protest against unjust policies or practices.
Sit-ins: Sit-ins involve individuals occupying an establishment (such as a restaurant or government office) peacefully to protest discriminatory policies.
Gandhi's Salt March: Mahatma Gandhi led this famous nonviolent protest against British salt taxes in India, demonstrating the effectiveness of peaceful resistance against oppressive regimes.
The "I Have a Dream" speech is one of Martin Luther King Jr.'s most iconic speeches delivered during the 1963 March on Washington. It calls for an end to racism and envisions a future of equality and justice.
Civil Rights Act of 1964: This landmark legislation outlawed racial segregation and discrimination in public facilities, employment, and education.
March on Washington: The March on Washington was a massive civil rights demonstration in 1963 where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.
Rhetoric: Rhetoric refers to the art of effective communication, including persuasive techniques used in speeches or writing to influence an audience's beliefs or actions.