Physical Geology

Unit 1 – Earth's Structure: Intro to Geology

Unit 2 – Plate Tectonics and Earth's Interior

Unit 3 – Minerals – Building Blocks of Rocks

Unit 4 – Igneous Rocks and Volcanic Activity

Unit 5 – Weathering, Erosion, and Soil Formation

Unit 6 – Sedimentary Rocks and Environments

Unit 7 – Metamorphic Rocks and Processes

Unit 8 – Geologic Time and Earth's History

Unit 9 – Structural Geology and Geologic Maps

Unit 10 – Earthquakes and Seismic Hazards

Unit 11 – Groundwater Systems and Karst Topography

Unit 12 – Surface Water and Fluvial Processes

Unit 13 – Glaciers and Glacial Landscapes

Unit 14 – Coastal Processes and Landforms

Unit 15 – Geologic Resources and Human Impacts

## What do you learn in Physical Geology

Physical Geology covers the Earth's structure, processes, and materials. You'll learn about plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, and how rocks and minerals form. The course dives into weathering, erosion, and how landscapes change over time. You'll also explore topics like groundwater, glaciers, and the geological history of our planet.

## Is Physical Geology hard?

Physical Geology can be challenging, but it's not impossible. The toughest part is memorizing all the rock and mineral names, which can feel like learning a new language. The concepts themselves aren't too bad once you get the hang of them. Most students find the labs and field trips pretty fun, which helps balance out the tougher theoretical stuff.

## Tips for taking Physical Geology in college

1. Use [Fiveable Study Guides](https://fiveable.me/cram-mode) to help you cram 🌶️
2. Make flashcards for rock and mineral identification
3. Draw diagrams to visualize processes like plate tectonics
4. Join study groups to practice identifying rocks and minerals
5. Watch documentaries like "Planet Earth" or "How the Earth Was Made"
6. Use mnemonic devices for remembering rock types (e.g., "I Get Metamorphic" for Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic)
7. Take advantage of office hours, especially before lab practicals
8. Keep a rock collection to practice identification skills at home

## Common pre-requisites for Physical Geology

1. General Chemistry: This course covers basic chemical principles and reactions. It's helpful for understanding mineral composition and formation.

2. College Algebra: A foundation in algebra is useful for geological calculations and understanding graphs. This course covers equations, functions, and basic mathematical concepts.

## Classes similar to Physical Geology

1. Environmental Geology: Focuses on how geological processes affect humans and how we impact the Earth. You'll learn about natural hazards, resource management, and environmental issues.

2. Oceanography: Explores the physical and biological aspects of the world's oceans. It covers topics like ocean currents, marine ecosystems, and the seafloor.

3. Meteorology: Studies the Earth's atmosphere and weather patterns. You'll learn about climate, weather forecasting, and atmospheric phenomena.

4. Planetary Geology: Examines the geological features and processes of other planets and moons in our solar system. It's like Physical Geology, but for space rocks.

## Majors related to Physical Geology

1. Geology: Focuses on the study of Earth's structure, composition, and processes. Students learn about rocks, minerals, plate tectonics, and the Earth's history.

2. Environmental Science: Combines natural sciences with social sciences to understand environmental issues. Students study ecosystems, pollution, and sustainability.

3. Geography: Examines the Earth's physical features and human societies. Students learn about landscapes, climate, and how humans interact with their environment.

4. Earth Science Education: Prepares students to teach Earth science at the secondary level. Combines geology knowledge with teaching methods and classroom management skills.

## What can you do with a degree in Physical Geology?

1. Geologist: Studies the Earth's structure and processes to locate natural resources or assess geological hazards. They often work for oil companies, environmental firms, or government agencies.

2. Environmental Consultant: Assesses and manages environmental issues for various projects. They might work on contaminated site cleanups or help companies comply with environmental regulations.

3. Hydrologist: Studies the movement and quality of water on Earth. They might work on water conservation projects or help predict floods and droughts.

4. Mining Engineer: Designs and oversees the extraction of minerals from the Earth. They work to make mining operations safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly.

## Physical Geology FAQs

1. Do we go on field trips in Physical Geology? Most Physical Geology courses include at least one field trip to observe geological features firsthand. These trips are often highlights of the course.

2. Is there a lot of math in Physical Geology? While some basic calculations are involved, Physical Geology doesn't require advanced math. Most of the math is simple algebra and geometry.

3. How can I prepare for Physical Geology before the semester starts? Start by watching geology documentaries or YouTube videos to familiarize yourself with basic concepts. You could also start a rock collection or visit local geological sites.

Geology

1.3 Geologic processes and the rock cycle

1.2 Earth's structure and composition

1.1 The scope of geology and its subdisciplines

2.3 Earth's internal structure and dynamics

2.2 Plate boundaries and their characteristics

2.1 Plate tectonic theory and evidence

2.4 Seafloor spreading and continental drift

3.1 Mineral properties and identification

3.3 Mineral formation and classification

3.2 Crystal structures and systems

4.3 Volcanic processes and landforms

4.4 Intrusive igneous features and plutons

4.2 Igneous rock classification and textures

4.1 Magma composition and properties

5.1 Physical and chemical weathering processes

5.3 Soil formation, profiles, and classification

5.2 Factors affecting weathering and erosion rates

6.2 Clastic, chemical, and organic sedimentary rocks

6.3 Sedimentary structures and depositional environments

6.1 Sedimentary processes and rock formation

7.2 Metamorphic textures and structures

7.1 Metamorphic processes and factors

7.3 Metamorphic rock classification and facies

8.1 Relative and absolute dating methods

8.2 The geologic time scale and major events

8.3 Principles of stratigraphy and correlation

9.3 Interpreting geologic maps and cross-sections

9.2 Folds, faults, and joints

9.1 Rock deformation and structural features

10.1 Earthquake mechanisms and seismic waves

10.2 Earthquake measurement and location

10.3 Seismic hazards and risk assessment

11.1 Groundwater movement and aquifers

11.2 Karst processes and landforms

11.3 Groundwater contamination and management

12.1 The hydrologic cycle and drainage systems

12.2 Stream processes and landforms

12.3 Floods and flood control

13.1 Glacier formation and types

13.2 Glacial erosion and depositional features

13.3 Pleistocene glaciations and climate change

14.1 Waves, tides, and coastal currents

14.2 Coastal erosion and depositional features

14.3 Coastal zone management and sea-level change

15.1 Fossil fuels and alternative energy sources

15.2 Mineral resources and mining

15.3 Environmental geology and sustainability

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