A professional standing army refers to a permanent military force that is composed of full-time, career soldiers who are trained and equipped for warfare. This type of army is distinct from a conscripted or militia-based army.
Centralization of Power: Refers to the concentration of authority in the hands of a single ruler or governing body, often resulting in increased control over political, economic, and military affairs.
Absolutism: An authoritarian form of government where all power rests with an absolute monarch who has complete control over every aspect of society.
Mercenary: A soldier who fights for financial gain rather than loyalty to a specific cause or nation. Mercenaries were commonly employed during times when standing armies were not yet established or were insufficient.