AP US History AMSCO Guided Notes

7.14: World War II and Postwar Diplomacy

AP US History Guided Notes

AMSCO 7.14 - World War II and Postwar Diplomacy

Learning Objectives

  1. Explain the consequences of U.S. involvement in World War II.
I. American Leadership

1. Why did Democratic Party leaders replace Henry Wallace with Harry Truman as Roosevelt's vice presidential running mate in 1944?

2. How did Roosevelt's poor health and limited interaction with Truman affect the transition of presidential power?

II. Wartime Conferences

A. Casablanca

1. What were the major military and diplomatic decisions made at the Casablanca Conference in 1943?

B. Tehran

1. What did the Big Three agree to at the Tehran Conference regarding the liberation of France and the war against Germany and Japan?

C. Yalta

1. What were the key agreements made at Yalta regarding the division of Germany and the fate of Eastern Europe?

2. What concessions did the Soviet Union receive at Yalta in exchange for entering the war against Japan?

3. Why did critics later accuse Roosevelt of 'giving away' Eastern Europe, and what was Roosevelt's position at the time?

D. Death of President Roosevelt

1. How did Roosevelt's death in April 1945 affect the continuity of American foreign policy and leadership?

E. Potsdam

1. What were the main decisions made at the Potsdam Conference and how did the composition of leaders differ from previous conferences?

2. What evidence emerged at Potsdam that the Grand Alliance was beginning to fracture?

III. The War's Legacy

A. Human and Economic Costs

1. What were the human costs of World War II in terms of deaths and American casualties?

2. How did the economic position of the United States after World War II compare to that of Europe and Japan?

B. The United Nations

1. How did American attitudes toward international organizations differ after World War II compared to after World War I?

2. What was the process for establishing the United Nations and when did it officially come into existence?

C. Expectations

1. What were American hopes for the postwar world, and what concerns threatened to undermine those expectations?

2. How did Soviet actions regarding Eastern Europe and atomic weapons lead to the Cold War?

Key Terms

Harry S. Truman

Big Three

Casablanca

"unconditional surrender"

Tehran

Yalta

free elections

Potsdam

United Nations