AP World History AMSCO Guided Notes
5.3: Industrial Revolution Begins
AMSCO Guided Notes
AP World History Guided Notes
AMSCO 5.3 - Industrial Revolution Begins
Essential Questions
- What factors contributed to and characterized industrialization in the period from 1750 to 1900?
I. Agricultural Improvements
1. What agricultural innovations increased food production in the early 1700s and how did they contribute to population growth?
2. How did improved food availability and medical care create conditions favorable for industrialization?
II. Preindustrial Societies
A. The Cottage Industry System
1. What was the cottage industry system and why did British investors develop it to compete with Indian cotton?
2. How did the cottage industry system affect women workers, and what limitations did it have?
III. Growth of Technology
A. Textile Machinery
1. How did the spinning jenny and water frame transform textile production and why did they lead to the factory system?
2. Why is Richard Arkwright considered the father of the factory system?
B. Interchangeable Parts
1. What was Eli Whitney's system of interchangeable parts and why was it significant for industrial manufacturing?
2. How did interchangeable parts lead to the division of labor and specialization in factories?
3. How did Henry Ford expand on the division of labor concept in the early 20th century?
IV. Britain's Industrial Advantages
A. Mineral Resources
1. Why were Britain's coal deposits crucial to industrialization and what industries depended on coal?
2. How did coal enable the production of iron and steel, and what was the significance of these materials?
B. Resources from the Colonies
1. How did Britain's colonial empire and the trans-Atlantic slave trade provide advantages for industrialization?
C. Abundant Rivers
1. How did Britain's river systems and canals support industrial development?
D. Strong Fleets
1. What role did Britain's naval and commercial fleets play in supporting industrialization?
E. Protection of Private Property
1. Why was legal protection of private property essential for entrepreneurs to invest in industrial ventures?
V. Growing Population and Urbanization
1. How did increased agricultural productivity lead to population growth and changes in the rural workforce?
2. What was the enclosure movement and how did it force rural migration to cities?
3. How did the enclosure movement and rural-to-urban migration create a workforce for industrial factories?
Key Terms
spinning jenny
water frame
James Hargreaves
Richard Arkwright
factory system
agricultural revolution
crop rotation
seed drill
Industrial Revolution
industrialization
cottage industry
Eli Whitney
interchangeable parts
division of labor
specialization of labor
assembly line
capital
enclosure movement
seaways
raw materials
Manchester
Liverpool