1. What is the Big Bang theory and how did it improve scientific understanding?

1. What discoveries in wave science led to improvements in communication technology?

1. What medical discoveries improved human health and extended lifespans in the 20th century?

2. How did the discovery of antibiotics and birth control change people's lives?

1. What new energy sources became available in the 20th century and what were their effects?

1. How did communication technology evolve from radio and television to the Internet and cell phones?

1. How did improvements in airplane and shipping technology affect global trade and cultural interaction?

1. What was the Green Revolution and what were its positive and negative effects?

1. How did population growth rates differ between developed and developing countries?

2. What was the "brain drain" and how did improved transportation and communication contribute to it?

3. How did women's status change in developed countries during this period and what factors enabled these changes?

1. How did economic globalization intensify during the 20th and 21st centuries?

2. What policies did Asian economies implement to challenge Western economic dominance?

3. How did China and India become major economic powers in the global economy?

1. What mass protest movements brought about political and social change during this period?

2. How did government roles in managing economies change from the previous era?

1. How did rapid global communication and transportation intensify cultural exchanges?

2. How did cultural exchanges in the 20th and 21st centuries differ from previous eras?

1. What environmental challenges resulted from technological advances and increased human activity?

2. What evidence emerged regarding climate change and its causes in the 20th and 21st centuries?

1. What did Francis Fukuyama argue in "The End of History and the Last Man" and why did critics reject his thesis?

1. What was Samuel Huntington's "Clash of Civilizations" argument and how did it differ from Fukuyama's perspective?

1. How did Amartya Sen challenge Huntington's thesis about cultural and religious conflict?

1. What was Michio Kaku's optimistic view about technology's role in breaking down cultural barriers?