AP World History AMSCO Guided Notes

8.8: End of the Cold War

AP World History
AMSCO Guided Notes

AP World History Guided Notes

AMSCO 8.8 - End of the Cold War

Essential Questions

  1. What caused the end of the Cold War?
I. The Final Decades of the Cold War Era

1. What was dรฉtente and what conditions in both the United States and Soviet Union made it appealing to each superpower?

A. Dรฉtente and a Colder War

1. What was the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty and what did it accomplish?

2. How did Nixon's visit to China in 1972 relate to his strategy toward the Soviet Union?

3. What economic and political challenges did the Soviet Union face in the late 1960s and 1970s?

4. How did the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 end the period of dรฉtente?

B. Soviet-Afghan War

1. Why did the Soviet Union invade Afghanistan and what were the consequences of the invasion?

2. How did the Soviet-Afghan War weaken the Soviet Union's position?

C. Reagan and Gorbachev

1. How did Ronald Reagan's approach to the Soviet Union differ from the policy of dรฉtente?

2. What was the Strategic Defense Initiative and why did it concern Soviet leaders?

3. What were perestroika and glasnost, and how did these policies change Soviet society?

D. The Thaw

1. What was the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty and how did it reduce Cold War tensions?

2. How did the relationship between Reagan and Gorbachev contribute to ending the Cold War?

II. The End of the Soviet Union

A. The Spread of Reforms

1. How did Gorbachev's decision to end economic support for Eastern European satellites lead to democratic movements in those countries?

2. What happened to Eastern European communist regimes and the Soviet republics after 1989?

3. How did Gorbachev's reforms ultimately lead to the collapse of the Soviet Union?

B. New Challenges

1. What new global challenges emerged after the end of the Cold War?

2. How did the end of the Cold War change political alliances and economic interactions among nations?

Key Terms

Ronald Reagan

Mikhail Gorbachev

dรฉtente

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)

perestroika

glasnost

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF)

Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)