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AP European History Cheatsheets

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AP European History, unit by unit

What each unit's one-page cheatsheet covers. Open a unit to read the start of its sheet.

  1. Unit 2: Age of Reformation

    Luther & Core Protestant Doctrine · Religious Pluralism & State Control · Witchcraft, Art & Causation · Religious Radicals & Responses · Social Hierarchies & Gender Debates · Urban Stress, Morality & Folk Culture · Wars of Religion: Causes & Patterns · Peace of Westphalia & State Sovereignty · Catholic Reformation & Church Revival

  2. Unit 3: Absolutism and Constitutionalism

    State Building & Sovereignty (1648–1815) · Market Economy & Financial Innovation · Mercantilism & Global Trade Network · English Civil War & Glorious Revolution · Absolutism in Practice · Balance of Power Diplomacy · Dutch Golden Age · Military Revolution & State Power · Comparing Absolutism & Constitutionalism

  3. Unit 4: Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments

    Scientific Revolution: Methods & Challenge · Enlightenment Core Concepts · Political Theory: Rights & Social Contract · Economic Theory & Religious Rationalization · Dissemination: Venues & Print Media · Demographic & Agricultural Revolution · Family, Childhood & Private Life · Urbanization & Social Transformation · Arts & Culture: Baroque to Neoclassicism · Enlightened Absolutism & Geopolitical Shift

  4. Unit 5: Conflict, Crisis, and Reaction in the Late 18th Century

    French Revolution: Causes & Phases · Women in the Revolution · Napoleon: Reforms & Control · Nationalist Reactions to Napoleon · Congress of Vienna (1814–1815) · Maritime Rivalry & Global Commerce · Enlightenment Challenged: Romanticism & Revival · Haiti & Revolutionary Ideals Spread

  5. Unit 6: Industrialization and Its Effects

    Britain's Industrial Dominance: Why First? · Continental Spread & Lagging Regions · Second Industrial Revolution (c. 1870–1914) · Social Classes, Urbanization & Population · Family Structure, Gender & Leisure · Consumer Culture & Mass Marketing · Conservative & Liberal Ideologies · Radical, Socialist & Anarchist Ideologies · Reform Movements & Institutional Responses

  6. Unit 7: 19th-Century Perspectives and Political Developments

    Concert of Europe Breakdown & Unification Context · Darwin, Social Darwinism & Scientific Materialism · Imperialism's Diplomatic & Cultural Effects · Italian & German Unification: Methods & Outcomes · Nationalism: Forms, Anti-Semitism & Zionism · Late 19th-Century Intellectual Crisis: Irrationality & Modernism · Bismarck's Alliance System & Collapse · Balkan Nationalism & Great Power Tensions · New Imperialism: Motives, Methods & Resistance

  7. Unit 9: Cold War and Contemporary Europe

    Cold War Origins & Division · Nationalism, Ethnic Conflict & Decolonization · Migration, Immigration & Social Backlash · Soviet Bloc: Control & Collapse · European Integration & Sovereignty · Intellectual, Cultural & Artistic Movements · Postwar Economic Miracle & Welfare · th-Century Feminism & Women's Rights · Technology, Medicine, Consumer Culture & Demographics