Instance: An instance refers to a specific occurrence or example created from a class blueprint. For example, if the Couch class is the blueprint, each individual couch in real life would be an instance of that class.
Class:A class is a template or blueprint that defines the properties (attributes) and behaviors (methods) that objects created from it will have. In our analogy, the Couch object would be the actual physical manifestation built based on this blueprint.
Properties/Attributes: Properties or attributes are the characteristics or data associated with an object. In our case, numOfCushions and couchMaterial are examples of properties that a Couch object may have.