Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025
Verified for the 2027 exam
Verified for the 2027 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025
Definition
A slogan and ideological principle popularized by Marcus Garvey's Back-to-Africa movement asserting African sovereignty and the right of African people to control their continent.
AP course connection
Topic 3.18: 3.18 The Universal Negro Improvement Association