1. What strategies did Southern local governments use to attract Northern businesses and investment?

2. How did the textile, steel, and railroad industries contribute to Southern urban growth between 1865 and 1900?

1. How did Northern control of Southern railroads and steel industries limit the region's economic development?

2. Why did the South's failure to invest in public education hamper industrial growth and worker opportunities?

1. How did sharecropping and crop liens trap Southern farmers in cycles of debt and poverty?

2. What caused cotton prices to decline by more than 50 percent by the 1890s, and how did this affect Southern farmers?

3. What role did George Washington Carver play in promoting agricultural diversification in the South?

1. What were the Farmers' Southern Alliance and the Colored Farmers' National Alliance, and what prevented them from uniting?

1. How did the Civil Rights Cases of 1883 and Plessy v. Ferguson weaken federal protections for African Americans?

2. What were Jim Crow laws and what public facilities did they require to be segregated?

1. What methods did Southern states use to disenfranchise Black voters, and how effective were they?

2. How did economic and legal discrimination prevent African Americans from accessing skilled trades and industrial jobs?

1. What methods did Ida B. Wells use to challenge lynching and Jim Crow laws, and what consequences did she face?

1. What alternatives to remaining in the South did Bishop Henry Turner and other African American leaders propose?

1. What was the Atlanta Compromise and how did Booker T. Washington believe African Americans could gain power?

2. How did Washington's establishment of Tuskegee Institute and the National Negro Business League reflect his philosophy of economic self-help?

1. How did W. E. B. Du Bois and other civil rights leaders differ from Booker T. Washington in their approach to segregation?