Conjugation: This is a process where genetic material is transferred from one bacterial cell to another through direct contact. It's often how plasmids get shared among bacteria.
Antibiotic Resistance: This refers to the ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic. It often occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of drugs designed to cure or prevent infections.
Transformation: In biology, transformation is a type of genetic exchange where DNA fragments are taken up by a bacterium from its surrounding environment.