Mitochondrial DNA:This is genetic material found in mitochondria, structures within cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use.
Chloroplast DNA:This is DNA located in chloroplasts, which are plant cell organelles responsible for photosynthesis.
Cytoplasmic Inheritance: This refers to transmission of genes that occur outside the nucleus. It contrasts with traditional inheritance which involves nuclear genes transmitted via chromosomes within the nucleus.