Linezolid

Definition

Linezolid is an oxazolidinone-class antibacterial agent effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including resistant strains like MRSA and VRE. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Linezolid is particularly effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE).
2. It works by inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis at the early stages of translation.
3. Linezolid has both oral and intravenous formulations, making it versatile for different clinical scenarios.
4. Adverse effects include thrombocytopenia, serotonin syndrome when used with SSRIs, and peripheral neuropathy with long-term use.
5. Resistance to linezolid can occur through mutations in the ribosomal RNA or acquisition of resistance genes such as cfr.

Review Questions

• What types of bacterial infections is linezolid most commonly used to treat?
• Describe the mechanism of action of linezolid in inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
• What are some potential adverse effects associated with long-term use of linezolid?

Related terms

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA): A type of staph bacteria resistant to several antibiotics including methicillin.

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE): Enterococci bacteria that have developed resistance to vancomycin.

Oxazolidinones: A class of synthetic antibacterial agents that includes drugs like linezolid, known for their activity against Gram-positive bacteria.