1. What is psychoanalytic theory and what core idea about human nature underpins Freud's approach?

2. What types of content does Freud believe reside in the unconscious and how do they influence behavior?

1. What is the id and how does it operate according to Freud's theory?

2. How does the ego differ from the id in terms of its function and operating principle?

3. What is the superego and how does it influence behavior when the id expresses a want?

4. How do the id, ego, and superego interact to produce behavior in everyday situations?

1. What are ego defense mechanisms and why does the ego use them?

2. How do repression and regression differ as defense mechanisms?

3. What are examples of displacement, projection, and denial and how does each protect the ego from anxiety?

4. How do reaction-formation, rationalization, and sublimation transform or redirect unacceptable impulses?

1. What are the major criticisms of Freud's research methods and the scientific validity of his theory?

2. How do current research findings on PTSD contradict Freud's theory of repressed trauma?

3. What is a key strength of psychoanalytic theory regarding its influence on understanding childhood development?

4. How do modern research findings in neuroscience and social psychology provide support for some aspects of Freud's theory?

1. Why do psychodynamic theories require assessment tools that access unconscious information?

2. How does the Rorschach inkblot test work and what is it designed to reveal about personality?

3. How does the Thematic Apperception Test differ from the Rorschach test in its method and the type of information it generates?

4. What are the major criticisms of projective tests regarding validity and reliability?

1. What is self-actualization according to Rogers and what characteristics describe people moving toward it?

2. How do the real self and ideal self develop and what role do parents play in this process?

3. What are conditions of worth and how do they create incongruence between the real and ideal self?

4. How can unconditional positive regard help resolve incongruence and develop a fully functioning person?

1. How did Maslow's approach to studying personality differ from Freud's and Rogers's approaches?

2. How does Maslow explain the relationship between human needs and personality development?

3. What does Maslow believe causes unhealthy personality and what role does environment play?

1. What are the major strengths of the humanistic approach to personality theory?

2. What are the primary weaknesses and criticisms of humanistic theories?

1. What assessment methods do humanistic theorists use and why do these methods emphasize the person's own perspective?

2. How does the self-image checklist assess congruence between real self and ideal self?

3. What are the advantages and limitations of using interviews and case studies in humanistic assessment?