1. How did the Seven Years' War and French and Indian War demonstrate continuity in European rivalries and what territorial changes resulted?

2. How did France's involvement in the American Revolution affect its position as a European power?

3. What was the relationship between Britain's colonial victories and its emergence as the dominant global power by the early 19th century?

1. What Enlightenment ideals inspired the French Revolution and what was the original goal of French revolutionaries?

2. How did the French Revolution deviate from its original purpose and what does this reveal about the challenges of implementing new political systems?

1. How did the Age of Exploration and technological advances lead to the development of a worldwide economic network between 1648 and 1815?

2. What role did competition among European states in global trade play in creating diplomatic and military conflicts?

3. How did Portugal's loss of trading dominance to other European powers illustrate the shift in global economic power during this period?

1. What was Romanticism and how did it represent a reaction against Enlightenment ideals of reason and rationalism?

2. How did the rise of nationalism in Europe during this period both reflect Enlightenment ideas and challenge them?

3. How did Napoleon's military failures demonstrate the power of nationalism as a force for change in early 19th-century Europe?