1. How did Napoleon's rise to power mark a transition from the French Revolution to a new era?
2. How did French revolutionary ideals spread beyond France, and what was one consequence of this spread?
A. The Haitian Independence Movement
1. What were Toussaint L'Ouverture's key characteristics and how did they enable him to become a revolutionary leader?
2. Why was Saint-Domingue particularly vulnerable to rebellion during the French Revolution?
3. What military tactics did L'Ouverture use against larger European armies, and why were these tactics effective?
B. Slave Revolt
1. What conditions in Saint-Domingue made enslaved people vulnerable to exploitation and motivated rebellion?
2. How did the involvement of Spain and Britain in Saint-Domingue affect the course of the slave rebellion?
3. What was the significance of the French National Convention's 1794 decision to free enslaved people in Saint-Domingue?
C. Haiti After the Revolt
1. What policies did L'Ouverture implement as military governor that reflected both revolutionary ideals and pragmatism?
2. Why did Napoleon view L'Ouverture as a threat, and what actions did he take against him?
3. How did L'Ouverture's death lead to Haiti's independence in 1804?
1. Why did many early supporters of the French Revolution eventually condemn it?
A. Opponents Within France
1. What were the main beliefs of Joseph de Maistre and how did they oppose Enlightenment ideas?
2. What action did Viscount de Bonald take to protest the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, and what were the consequences?
B. Opponents Outside of France
1. Which European monarchs opposed the French Revolution and what actions did they take in response?
2. What were Edmund Burke's main arguments in Reflections on the Revolution in France?
3. How did Britain's political and economic stability help it avoid the radical upheaval occurring in France?
Toussaint L'Ouverture
Edmund Burke