AP European History AMSCO Guided Notes
5.8: Romanticism
AMSCO Guided Notes
AP European History Guided Notes
AMSCO 5.8 - Romanticism
Essential Questions
- How and why did the Romantic Movement and religious revival challenge Enlightenment thought from 1648 to 1815?
I. The Revival of Public Emotion
1. What was the central theme of European culture during the Enlightenment, and how did this begin to change by the late 18th century?
2. What are three different historical explanations for the shift from Enlightenment rationalism to Romanticism?
II. Rousseau and the Challenge to Reason
1. How did Jean-Jacques Rousseau's approach to God and spirituality differ from other Enlightenment philosophes?
2. Why are historians justified in calling Rousseau the 'father of the Romantic movement'?
III. The Romantic Movement
1. How did Romantics view the relationship between reason and emotion in understanding the world?
2. What subjects and themes did Romantic artists and writers favor, and what did they believe art should express?
IV. A New Religious Revival
1. How did Romantic ideas about nature and emotion contribute to religious revival movements?
2. What common beliefs did religious revival movements share during the Romantic era?
V. An Emphasis on Private Revelation
1. How did Enlightenment ideas about religious tolerance change the nature of religious belief and practice?
VI. Evangelical Movements
A. Methodism
1. What was the Holy Club at Oxford, and how did it lead to the formation of Methodism?
2. What were John Wesley's core beliefs about salvation and God's love, and how did Charles Wesley help spread Methodist teachings?
3. What social causes did Methodists champion, and why did they gain respect despite being viewed as extremists?
B. Germany
1. What religious movements emerged in Germany as a reaction to Enlightenment rationalism?
C. France
1. How did the French Revolution's policies toward the Catholic Church differ from the religious revival that followed?
VII. Nationalism and Mass Uprisings
1. What three ideals from the French Revolution formed the basis of modern nationalism?
2. How did Napoleon's military campaigns both liberate and inspire nationalist resistance across Europe?
3. What role did mass uprisings play in the French Revolution, and how did Romantic ideals fuel these movements?
Key Terms
Romantic Movement
Romanticism
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
religious revival
John Wesley
Methodism
mass uprising