Kanamycin

Definition

Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. It is commonly used to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kanamycin binds irreversibly to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes.
2. It is effective against a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli and Klebsiella species.
3. Kanamycin can be inactivated by bacterial enzymes known as aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes.
4. It is often administered intravenously or intramuscularly due to poor oral absorption.
5. Overuse or misuse of kanamycin can lead to ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Review Questions

Related terms

Aminoglycosides:

A class of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the ribosomal RNA.

Ototoxicity: Damage to the ear (cochlea or auditory nerve) caused by exposure to certain medications or chemicals.

Nephrotoxicity: Toxicity in the kidneys, often induced by drugs or toxins, leading to impaired kidney function.