Saturation

Definition

Saturation is the point at which a substance can no longer absorb or dissolve any more of another substance and additional amounts will appear as separate phases. In the context of humidity, it refers to air holding the maximum amount of water vapor possible at a given temperature.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Saturation occurs when the relative humidity reaches 100%.
2. The temperature at which air becomes saturated with water vapor is called the dew point.
3. Saturated air can lead to condensation, forming dew, fog, or clouds.
4. In a closed system, increasing temperature can increase the saturation point since warmer air can hold more water vapor.
5. Saturation plays a critical role in processes such as evaporation and boiling.

Review Questions

• What happens to relative humidity when air reaches its saturation point?
• How does temperature affect the saturation point of air?
• What forms when saturated air cools down?

Related terms

Relative Humidity: The ratio of the current amount of water vapor in the air to the maximum amount it could hold at that temperature.

Dew Point:

The temperature at which air becomes saturated with moisture and dew begins to form.

Condensation:

The process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water, often occurring when saturated air cools.