Vernalization

Definition

Vernalization is the process by which prolonged exposure to cold temperatures prompts flowering in certain plants. This physiological response ensures that flowering occurs at a favorable time, typically in spring.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vernalization is crucial for many temperate plants to transition from vegetative to reproductive stages.
2. The requirement for vernalization can vary among species; some need weeks of cold, while others may need months.
3. Winter wheat and biennial plants like carrots and beets are classic examples that require vernalization.
4. Vernalization involves complex genetic and biochemical changes, including the expression of specific genes such as VRN1 in wheat.
5. Failure to undergo vernalization can result in delayed flowering or complete failure to flower, impacting agricultural productivity.

Review Questions

• What is the primary purpose of vernalization in plants?
• Which types of plants commonly require vernalization for proper flowering?
• How does vernalization affect the genetic expression in plants?

Related terms

Photoperiodism: The physiological reaction of organisms to the length of day or night, affecting processes like flowering.

Gibberellins: A group of plant hormones that promote growth and influence various developmental processes, including stem elongation and germination.

Dormancy: A period in which a plant temporarily stops growing and reduces its metabolic activity, often as an adaptation to adverse conditions.