AP US History AMSCO Guided Notes
9.5: Migration and Immigration in the 1990s and 2000s
AP US History Guided Notes
AMSCO 9.5 - Migration and Immigration in the 1990s and 2000s
Learning Objectives
- Explain the causes and effects of domestic and international migration over time
I. Changing Immigration Policies
1. How did the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 change the basis for immigration to the United States?
2. What were the major sources of immigration to the United States before and after 1970?
A. Federal Legislation
1. What problems did the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 attempt to address and why was it criticized?
2. How did the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 attempt to reform immigration, and what was its effectiveness?
B. Executive Action
1. What was the DACA program and why did it generate controversy?
2. How did immigration enforcement change during the Obama administration despite his executive actions?
C. Trump Immigration Policies
1. What specific immigration policies did President Trump propose and what were their intended effects?
2. How did Americans differ in their views on Trump's immigration policies?
II. Influence of the American South and West
1. What percentage of Americans lived in the South and West by 2000, and how did this affect the nation?
A. Economies
1. What factors contributed to the economic boom of the Sun Belt in the 1980s and 1990s?
2. How did specific industries and geographic advantages drive economic growth in different parts of the South and West?
B. Political Power
1. How did population shifts in the South and West affect representation in Congress and presidential elections?
2. What role did the movement of Southern conservatives to the Republican Party play in shifting national political power?
3. How did the political influence of the Northeast and Midwest change relative to the Sun Belt?
C. Cultural Change
1. What cultural elements from the South and West became more influential throughout the nation?
2. How did immigration and migration from other regions change the traditional culture of the South and West?
III. American Society in 2000
1. What was the total U.S. population in 2000 and how was it distributed between urban, suburban, and rural areas?
2. What demographic changes resulted from a falling birthrate and increased life expectancy?
3. What challenges did the aging population create for Social Security and other social programs?
4. How did the structure of American families change between 1970 and 2000, and what were the consequences?
Key Terms
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)
undocumented immigrants
border wall
green cards
asylum seekers
single-parent families