AP European History AMSCO Guided Notes
8.3: The Russian Revolution and Its Effects
AMSCO Guided Notes
AP European History Guided Notes
AMSCO 8.3 - The Russian Revolution and Its Effects
Essential Questions
- What were the causes and effects of the Russian Revolution?
I. Responses to Industrialization
1. What are the key economic and political differences between communism, capitalism, and fascism?
2. How did communism and fascism represent extreme responses to the challenges of industrialization?
II. The Russian Revolution and Lenin
A. The Russian Revolution and Lenin
1. How did Lenin modify Marx's ideas to create Marxist-Leninist theory?
2. What was the Bolshevik faction and how did it differ from other Russian socialist groups?
III. War Spurs Revolutionary Change
A. War Spurs Revolutionary Change
1. What long-standing problems in Russian society were made worse by World War I?
2. How did the 1905 revolution and the creation of the duma fail to address Russia's political problems?
B. The March Revolution
1. What triggered the March Revolution and what was the immediate result?
2. How did the Provisional Government and the Soviets represent different interests in Russian society?
C. Lenin Returns to Russia
1. What was Lenin's background and why did he see the Provisional Government as an opportunity for revolution?
2. What were the three main slogans of Bolshevik propaganda and how did they appeal to different groups?
IV. The Bolshevik Revolution
1. How did the Bolsheviks gain control of the Soviets and what role did Leon Trotsky play in the revolution?
2. What immediate actions did Lenin take after seizing power to maintain Bolshevik control?
3. How did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk change Russia's territory and role in World War I?
V. Civil War
1. Who were the Reds and the Whites, and what groups opposed the Bolsheviks during the civil war?
2. What strategies did the Communists use to win the civil war against the Whites?
3. What was war communism and how did it help the Bolsheviks maintain power?
VI. Lenin's New Economic Policy
1. Why did Lenin introduce the New Economic Policy in 1921 and what problems was it designed to solve?
2. How did the NEP represent a shift from war communism, and what economic freedoms did it allow?
Key Terms
communism
Marxist-Leninist theory
Soviets
proletariat
Bolshevik
Leon Trotsky
left-wing
Russian Social Democratic Party
communists
fascism
war communism
right-wing
Communist Party
New Economic Policy (NEP)
liberal democracy
Duma
Karl Marx
Provisional Government