1. What were the main disagreements between Allied nations at the Versailles Conference regarding how to achieve lasting peace?
2. How did protectionist and nationalist policies adopted by European nations after World War I contribute to economic instability?
1. What economic problems did European nations face after World War I, and how did the U.S. stock market crash of 1929 worsen these conditions?
2. How did severe economic problems in the 1920s and 1930s lead to radical political responses in European democracies?
1. What authoritarian ideologies emerged during the interwar years and how did they change relationships between nations and between individuals and the state?
2. How did the isolationism of the United States and weak responses from European democracies affect the expansion of fascist states?
3. What were the human costs of World War II compared to World War I?
1. How did scientific and technological advances during the first half of the 20th century improve people's lives despite global conflict and economic crisis?