AP European History AMSCO Guided Notes

6.10: Causation in the Age of Industrialization

What was the influence of innovation and technological development in Europe from 1815 to 1914?

I. Progress in Innovations and Technologies

1. What specific innovations in textile, iron, and steel production enabled Britain to become the world's dominant industrial power?

2. How did Britain's parliamentary democracy contribute to industrialization compared to autocratic European governments?

3. Why did industrialization spread slowly to continental Europe despite Britain's success?

II. Industrialization Influences Daily Life

A. Social Class Changes

1. How did industrialization create new social classes and what characterized each class?

2. What opportunities did industrialization provide for the new middle class compared to traditional society?

B. Urbanization and Population Growth

1. What caused rapid urbanization during the Industrial Revolution and how did it change where people lived?

C. Family Structure Changes

1. How did industrialization cause changes to family structure and traditional family patterns?

2. What role did family members working outside the home play in breaking traditional family patterns?

III. Industrialization Causes New Ideologies and Reforms

A. Conservatism

1. What was conservatism and why did it emerge as a response to industrialization?

2. What traditional institutions did European conservatives want to preserve or restore?

B. Liberalism and Reform Movements

1. How did liberalism differ from conservatism in its response to the changes caused by industrialization?

2. What is popular sovereignty and how does it reflect liberal ideology?

3. How did Jeremy Bentham's utilitarianism influence social reform movements of the 19th century?