Oceanic Circulation in AP Environmental Science

Definition

Oceanic circulation refers to the movement of ocean waters on a global scale. It is driven by factors such as temperature, salinity, density, and wind patterns, which create currents that distribute heat around the planet.

Related terms

Thermohaline Circulation: Also known as "the great ocean conveyor belt," it describes deep-ocean currents driven by differences in temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). These currents play a vital role in regulating global climate.

Gulf Stream: A powerful warm current originating from the Gulf of Mexico that flows along North America's east coast before crossing over to Europe. It influences weather patterns and helps maintain Europe's relatively mild climate.

Upwelling:

The process in which cold, nutrient-rich water from the ocean's depths rises to the surface. Upwelling supports productive ecosystems by bringing nutrients that support marine life.