Type II hypersensitivities

Definition

Type II hypersensitivities are immune responses where antibodies target antigens on cell surfaces, leading to cell destruction or dysfunction. These reactions typically involve IgG or IgM antibodies and can result in conditions like hemolytic anemia.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Type II hypersensitivities are also known as cytotoxic hypersensitivities.
2. The primary antibodies involved are IgG and IgM.
3. Common mechanisms include complement activation and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
4. Examples include autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Goodpasture's syndrome, and myasthenia gravis.
5. These reactions can lead to cell lysis, inflammation, or altered cell function.

Related terms

Type I Hypersensitivities: Immediate allergic reactions mediated by IgE antibodies.

Complement System:

A group of proteins that enhance the ability of antibodies to clear pathogens.

Autoimmune Disease: A condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells.