Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)

Definition

Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin (TSST) is a superantigen produced by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus. It can trigger an excessive immune response, leading to toxic shock syndrome.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. TSST is a potent exotoxin contributing to the pathogenesis of toxic shock syndrome.
2. It can cause a massive release of cytokines from T cells, leading to systemic inflammation.
3. TSST is often associated with tampon use but can also result from other sources like skin infections or surgical wounds.
4. The toxin bypasses normal antigen processing and directly stimulates a large number of T lymphocytes.
5. Effective treatment often includes antibiotics and supportive measures to manage shock and organ failure.

Related terms

Superantigen: A class of antigens that result in excessive activation of the immune system.

Cytokine Storm:

An overproduction of immune cells and their activating compounds, which can be triggered by superantigens like TSST.

Staphylococcus aureus:

A type of bacteria frequently associated with various infections, including those that produce TSST.