Neuraminidase

Definition

Neuraminidase is an enzyme found on the surface of influenza viruses that helps the virus release from the host cell after replication. It is a target for antiviral drugs like oseltamivir.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Neuraminidase facilitates the spread of influenza viruses by cleaving sialic acid on host cells and viral surfaces.
2. Inhibitors of neuraminidase, such as oseltamivir and zanamivir, are used to treat and prevent influenza infections.
3. Mutations in the neuraminidase gene can lead to resistance against antiviral drugs.
4. Neuraminidase is one of the two major glycoproteins on the surface of the influenza virus, the other being hemagglutinin.
5. During flu seasons, strains are often identified by their hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) types, such as H1N1.

Review Questions

Related terms

Hemagglutinin:

A glycoprotein found on the surface of influenza viruses that allows them to bind to host cells.

Oseltamivir:

An antiviral medication that inhibits neuraminidase, used to treat and prevent influenza.

Sialic Acid: A molecule found on cell surfaces that is targeted and cleaved by neuraminidase during viral release.