F plasmid

Definition

The F plasmid, or fertility plasmid, is a circular piece of DNA that enables bacteria to transfer genetic material through conjugation. It contains genes that code for the formation of a pilus and other proteins essential for this process.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. F plasmids facilitate horizontal gene transfer between bacterial cells via conjugation.
2. They contain tra genes that encode proteins necessary for pilus formation.
3. F+ cells possess the F plasmid, while F- cells do not.
4. During conjugation, the F plasmid can be transferred from an F+ cell to an F- cell, converting it into an F+ cell.
5. The integration of the F plasmid into the bacterial chromosome can lead to high-frequency recombination (Hfr) strains.

Review Questions

Related terms

Conjugation:

A process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact.

Pilus: A hair-like appendage found on the surface of many bacteria used for attachment and DNA transfer during conjugation.

Horizontal Gene Transfer:

The movement of genetic material between organisms other than by vertical transmission (from parent to offspring).