Cefotaxime

Definition

Cefotaxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat severe bacterial infections, including those affecting the nervous system. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cefotaxime is particularly effective against Gram-negative bacteria, but also works on some Gram-positive bacteria.
2. It can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, making it suitable for treating bacterial meningitis.
3. Cefotaxime is usually administered intravenously or intramuscularly due to its poor oral absorption.
4. Common side effects include allergic reactions, gastrointestinal upset, and potential superinfections.
5. Resistance mechanisms include beta-lactamase production by bacteria which can degrade the antibiotic.

Related terms

Beta-lactamase: An enzyme produced by certain bacteria that degrades beta-lactam antibiotics like cefotaxime.

Blood-brain barrier: A selective permeability barrier that protects the brain from certain substances in the blood while allowing others through.

Bacterial meningitis: A serious infection of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, often treated with antibiotics like cefotaxime.