key term - Apostle

Definition

An apostle refers to a messenger or representative, particularly in the context of early Christianity, where it designates the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus to spread his teachings. Apostles played a crucial role in establishing the Christian faith within the Roman Empire, serving as leaders, teachers, and missionaries who helped to spread Christianity beyond its Jewish roots and into the Gentile world.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The term 'apostle' comes from the Greek word 'apostolos', meaning 'one who is sent out', reflecting their role as emissaries of Christ.
2. The twelve apostles were chosen by Jesus to be his closest companions and were instrumental in the early growth of Christianity within the Roman Empire.
3. Apostles performed miracles and healings as signs of their authority and divine mission, which helped to attract followers to Christianity.
4. The apostles played a key role in the establishment of early Christian communities, preaching in synagogues and public spaces throughout the Roman Empire.
5. After Jesus' resurrection, the apostles are said to have received the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, empowering them to spread the message of Christianity with fervor.

Review Questions

• How did the apostles contribute to the spread of Christianity within the Roman Empire?
  • The apostles significantly contributed to spreading Christianity by traveling extensively throughout the Roman Empire, preaching in various cities and regions. They established Christian communities and converted many people, including Gentiles, to the faith. Their teachings and leadership helped shape early Christian doctrine and practices, laying the groundwork for what would become a major world religion.
• Discuss the role of Paul of Tarsus in relation to the other apostles and how he influenced early Christianity.
  • Paul of Tarsus was unique among the apostles as he was not one of the original twelve disciples. However, he became a pivotal figure in early Christianity by focusing on spreading the message to Gentiles. His extensive missionary journeys, theological writings, and epistles helped define Christian beliefs and practices, effectively bridging Jewish traditions with a broader audience across the Roman Empire.
• Evaluate the impact that the apostles had on shaping religious practices and community structures within early Christianity.
  • The apostles profoundly impacted religious practices by instituting rituals like baptism and communion, which became foundational to Christian worship. They also established community structures that promoted fellowship and mutual support among believers. Their teachings emphasized love, service, and moral living, which attracted diverse followers and enabled early Christians to navigate their identities within a predominantly pagan Roman society.

Related terms

Disciples: The followers of Jesus during his lifetime who learned from him and supported his ministry, including the twelve apostles.

Evangelism: The act of preaching the Christian gospel with the intention of converting others to the faith, a key mission of the apostles.

Paul of Tarsus:

An apostle who played a significant role in spreading Christianity beyond Jewish communities and is known for his epistles that form a substantial part of the New Testament.