Nonenveloped virus

Definition

A nonenveloped virus is a type of virus that lacks a lipid bilayer surrounding its capsid. These viruses are typically more resistant to environmental factors and disinfectants.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. A nonenveloped virus has only a protein coat called a capsid, without an outer lipid envelope.
2. Nonenveloped viruses are generally more stable in harsh conditions, such as acidic environments or high temperatures.
3. They often enter host cells through endocytosis rather than membrane fusion.
4. Examples include adenoviruses, parvoviruses, and noroviruses.
5. The absence of an envelope makes them less susceptible to alcohol-based disinfectants.

Review Questions

• What structural feature distinguishes nonenveloped viruses from enveloped viruses?
• Why are nonenveloped viruses generally more resistant to environmental factors compared to enveloped viruses?
• Name two examples of nonenveloped viruses.

Related terms

Capsid: The protein shell that encloses the viral genome.

Enveloped Virus: A virus that has an outer lipid bilayer membrane derived from the host cell.

Endocytosis: The process by which cells engulf external substances, allowing entry into the cell.