Lysis

Definition

Lysis is the process by which a cell breaks down and releases its contents, often due to viral infection. It typically results in the destruction of the host cell's membrane.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lysis occurs at the end of the lytic cycle in viral replication.
2. Viruses such as bacteriophages often cause lysis to release new virions.
3. Enzymes like lysozyme can facilitate lysis by breaking down the cell wall.
4. Lysis can lead to rapid bacterial population decreases, known as bacteriolysis.
5. In medical contexts, lytic activity is sometimes used to target cancer cells.

Review Questions

• What role does lysis play in the viral life cycle?
• Which type of virus commonly uses lysis to replicate?
• How do enzymes like lysozyme contribute to the process of lysis?

Related terms

Lytic Cycle:

A viral replication process that results in the destruction of the host cell through lysis.

Bacteriophage:

A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria, often causing lysis.

Lysozyme:

An enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls, aiding in the process of lysis.