Frustules

Definition

Frustules are the hard and porous cell walls of diatoms, a type of algae. They are primarily composed of silica and exhibit intricate and species-specific patterns.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Frustules are made mostly of silicon dioxide (silica).
2. Each frustule consists of two halves that fit together like a petri dish, known as the epitheca (larger half) and hypotheca (smaller half).
3. Frustules have complex and unique designs that can be used to identify different species of diatoms.
4. They play a crucial role in the carbon cycle by facilitating the sinking of carbon to ocean depths when diatoms die.
5. Frustules provide protection against predators and contribute to the buoyancy regulation in diatoms.

Review Questions

• What are frustules primarily composed of?
• Describe the structure of a frustule.
• How do frustules contribute to the carbon cycle?

Related terms

Diatoms:

A group of microalgae with silica-based cell walls called frustules.

Silica: A chemical compound also known as silicon dioxide, essential for constructing diatom frustules.

Epitheca: The larger half of a diatom's frustule that overlaps with the hypotheca.