Crenarchaeota

Definition

Crenarchaeota are a phylum of Archaea characterized by their ability to thrive in extreme environments, such as hot springs and hydrothermal vents. They play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles, particularly in carbon and nitrogen cycling.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Crenarchaeota can survive in extreme temperatures, often exceeding 80°C (176°F).
2. They are chemolithotrophs, obtaining energy from inorganic compounds like sulfur or ammonia.
3. Many Crenarchaeota have been found in marine environments, contributing to oceanic ammonia oxidation.
4. Crenarchaeota possess unique lipid membranes that help them withstand harsh conditions.
5. They contribute significantly to global carbon and nitrogen cycles through processes like nitrification.

Review Questions

Related terms

Archaea:

A domain of single-celled microorganisms that are distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes.

Thermophiles:

Microorganisms that thrive at very high temperatures, often found among Crenarchaeota.

Nitrification: A microbial process involving the conversion of ammonia into nitrate, significant in nitrogen cycling.