Scurvy

Definition

Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, which is essential for the synthesis of collagen and proper functioning of the immune system. This condition arises when the body lacks adequate vitamin C from dietary sources, leading to symptoms like fatigue, swollen gums, joint pain, and anemia. It historically affected sailors and others with limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Scurvy can develop within a few months if a person does not consume enough vitamin C, highlighting the vitamin's essential role in overall health.
2. Symptoms of scurvy include bleeding gums, loose teeth, bruising, and poor wound healing, which are all linked to weakened collagen formation.
3. Historically, scurvy was common among sailors on long voyages who lacked access to fresh fruits and vegetables, leading to high mortality rates.
4. The recommended daily allowance of vitamin C for adults is about 75-90 mg, which can be easily obtained through a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
5. Treatment for scurvy involves increasing vitamin C intake through supplements or dietary changes, with symptoms typically improving within days of adequate intake.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms of scurvy and how do they relate to the physiological functions of vitamin C?
  • The primary symptoms of scurvy include fatigue, swollen gums, joint pain, bruising, and poor wound healing. These symptoms are directly related to the physiological functions of vitamin C, which is vital for collagen synthesis. Collagen is crucial for maintaining the integrity of connective tissues and blood vessels. Without sufficient vitamin C, the body cannot produce enough collagen, leading to the breakdown of these tissues and resulting in the visible symptoms of scurvy.
• Discuss the historical significance of scurvy among sailors and its impact on maritime practices.
  • Scurvy had a significant historical impact on sailors during long sea voyages in the 18th century. It was a leading cause of illness and death among sailors who did not have access to fresh produce. The realization that including citrus fruits on ships could prevent scurvy led to changes in maritime practices. This knowledge contributed to improvements in sailors' diets and overall health during voyages, ultimately influencing naval policies and practices that emphasized nutrition.
• Evaluate the relationship between diet, malnutrition, and the development of diseases like scurvy in modern society.
  • The relationship between diet and malnutrition is critical for understanding diseases like scurvy in modern society. While scurvy is less common today due to greater access to diverse foods, it can still occur in populations with inadequate nutrition or restricted diets. Individuals with limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables or those following specific dietary restrictions may be at risk. Evaluating dietary habits can help identify nutritional gaps that could lead to deficiencies and associated diseases, emphasizing the importance of balanced nutrition in preventing conditions like scurvy.

Related terms

Vitamin C: A water-soluble vitamin important for growth and repair of tissues in the body, acting as an antioxidant and playing a crucial role in collagen formation.

Collagen: A protein that helps maintain the structure of skin, blood vessels, and connective tissues; its production is dependent on adequate vitamin C levels.

Malnutrition: A condition resulting from an unbalanced diet or insufficient intake of nutrients, which can lead to deficiencies like scurvy.