Scurvy

Definition

Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, which is essential for the synthesis of collagen in humans. This condition can lead to symptoms such as anemia, weakness, and skin issues due to the impaired ability to form connective tissues. Scurvy has been historically significant, particularly in maritime contexts, as sailors often suffered from it during long voyages when fresh produce was scarce.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Scurvy can develop after just a few weeks of inadequate vitamin C intake, with symptoms worsening if not treated.
2. Historical records show that scurvy was a major health issue for sailors during long sea voyages from the 15th century onward until the importance of fresh fruits and vegetables was recognized.
3. Symptoms of scurvy include swollen gums, bruising easily, joint pain, and anemia due to decreased collagen production.
4. Treatment for scurvy is straightforward and involves increasing vitamin C intake through diet or supplements, leading to quick recovery.
5. Paleopathological studies have identified evidence of scurvy in ancient skeletal remains, suggesting that this deficiency was not limited to modern times but affected past populations as well.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms of scurvy and how do they relate to its physiological causes?
  • The primary symptoms of scurvy include swollen gums, easy bruising, joint pain, and general weakness. These symptoms are directly related to the physiological causes of the disease; vitamin C is vital for collagen synthesis. When there is a deficiency, the body's ability to produce collagen is impaired, leading to weakened connective tissues and resulting in the symptoms experienced by affected individuals.
• Discuss the historical significance of scurvy during maritime exploration and its impact on sailors' health.
  • Scurvy had a profound impact on sailors during maritime exploration from the 15th century onwards. The long voyages often lacked fresh produce, leading to vitamin C deficiencies among crew members. This resulted in high mortality rates and incapacitated sailors who were unable to perform their duties effectively. The recognition of scurvy's causes ultimately led to changes in naval practices, such as incorporating citrus fruits on ships to prevent outbreaks.
• Evaluate how evidence of scurvy found in archaeological studies reflects dietary practices and health conditions of ancient populations.
  • Evidence of scurvy found in archaeological studies provides insights into the dietary practices and health conditions of ancient populations. Analysis of skeletal remains showing signs consistent with scurvy suggests that certain groups may have faced periods of nutritional stress or relied on diets low in vitamin C sources. This reflects broader patterns of subsistence and trade routes that affected food availability, indicating that health issues like scurvy were not only a modern phenomenon but part of human history related to dietary deficiencies.

Related terms

Vitamin C: A water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of skin, blood vessels, bones, and cartilage, and is also involved in wound healing.

Collagen: A protein that provides structure and strength to connective tissues in the body, including skin, tendons, and ligaments.

Maritime Exploration: The act of traveling across the seas for discovery, trade, and conquest, which often led to nutritional deficiencies among sailors due to limited food supplies.