Scurvy

Definition

Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which is essential for the synthesis of collagen and the proper functioning of various physiological processes. This condition manifests primarily through symptoms such as fatigue, swollen gums, joint pain, and anemia due to the lack of this crucial vitamin. Understanding scurvy highlights the importance of vitamins and minerals in human health and the potential consequences of nutritional deficiencies.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Scurvy was historically common among sailors and those with limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables, particularly during long sea voyages.
2. Symptoms of scurvy can include bleeding gums, bruising, poor wound healing, and fatigue, often resulting from impaired collagen synthesis.
3. Treatment for scurvy typically involves increasing vitamin C intake through diet or supplements, with improvement often seen within days.
4. The RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) for vitamin C is about 90 mg per day for adult men and 75 mg for adult women, with higher amounts recommended for smokers and pregnant women.
5. Scurvy can develop within a few months of severe vitamin C deficiency, highlighting the importance of regular intake of this essential nutrient.

Review Questions

• How does a deficiency in vitamin C lead to the symptoms associated with scurvy?
  • Vitamin C is vital for the synthesis of collagen, which is necessary for maintaining the integrity of connective tissues. Without adequate levels of vitamin C, collagen production decreases, leading to weakened blood vessels and gums. This results in symptoms such as bleeding gums, bruising, and joint pain due to the structural failures in the body's tissues.
• Discuss the historical significance of scurvy among sailors and how dietary changes helped eradicate the disease.
  • Scurvy was a major health issue for sailors during long voyages when fresh fruits and vegetables were scarce. The disease significantly impacted naval expeditions and battles due to its debilitating effects. The introduction of citrus fruits into sailors' diets was a key measure that drastically reduced the incidence of scurvy at sea, leading to better health outcomes and improved morale among crews.
• Evaluate the broader implications of vitamin deficiencies like scurvy on public health policy and nutrition education.
  • The existence of diseases like scurvy underscores the necessity for effective public health policies that promote adequate nutrition. By emphasizing the importance of vitamins and minerals in dietary guidelines and education programs, public health initiatives can work to prevent nutritional deficiencies. This proactive approach not only addresses immediate health concerns but also fosters a culture of wellness through better dietary habits across populations.

Related terms

Vitamin C:

A water-soluble vitamin important for the growth and repair of tissues, collagen formation, and antioxidant functions in the body.

Collagen: A protein that provides structure and strength to connective tissues, skin, bones, and cartilage, requiring vitamin C for its synthesis.

Hypovitaminosis: A condition that occurs due to inadequate intake of vitamins, leading to various health issues related to specific vitamin deficiencies.