Entablatures

Definition

An entablature is a horizontal structure that rests on the columns of a building and consists of three main parts: the architrave, frieze, and cornice. This architectural feature plays a vital role in supporting the roof while also contributing to the overall aesthetic of classical and neoclassical buildings, reflecting ideals of balance, proportion, and harmony.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In neoclassical architecture, entablatures often draw inspiration from ancient Greek and Roman designs, emphasizing symmetry and order.
2. The architrave is the lowest part of the entablature, directly resting on the columns, while the frieze is positioned above it and can be embellished with decorative motifs.
3. Cornices are the uppermost section of entablatures and typically project outward to protect the structure from rainwater and enhance visual appeal.
4. Entablatures are not only functional but also serve as significant decorative elements, often reflecting the cultural and artistic values of the time.
5. Different styles of entablatures can indicate variations in architectural orders, such as Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, each with distinct characteristics.

Review Questions

• How do entablatures function within the context of neoclassical architecture and what role do they play in aesthetic design?
  • Entablatures are essential in neoclassical architecture as they not only provide structural support but also embody key aesthetic principles such as balance and proportion. By incorporating elements like the architrave, frieze, and cornice, entablatures create a cohesive visual experience that emphasizes symmetry. The decorative aspects often reflect cultural values and artistic trends of the time, making them a crucial element in the overall design of neoclassical buildings.
• Discuss how different architectural orders influence the design and appearance of entablatures.
  • The design and appearance of entablatures are significantly influenced by the architectural orders—Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian—each presenting unique characteristics. For example, Doric entablatures are more austere and lack elaborate decorations compared to Ionic or Corinthian ones which are more ornate. This diversity showcases how entablatures not only serve structural purposes but also reflect the stylistic choices associated with each order, allowing architects to convey specific cultural messages through their work.
• Evaluate the impact of entablatures on the perception of neoclassical architecture as a whole, particularly regarding historical context.
  • Entablatures have a profound impact on how neoclassical architecture is perceived, especially when considering its historical context. As a revival of classical ideals during the Enlightenment period, the use of entablatures symbolizes a return to order and harmony after periods of chaos. Their prominence in public buildings like museums and government structures conveys authority and stability. Evaluating their significance reveals how entablatures help communicate the values and aspirations of a society striving for enlightenment through architectural expression.

Related terms

Column:

A vertical support element in architecture, typically cylindrical in shape, that helps bear the weight of the structure above it.

Pediment: A triangular section found above the entablature, often adorned with sculptures or decorative elements, commonly seen in classical architecture.

Frieze: The middle section of an entablature that can be plain or decorated, serving as a visual link between the architrave and cornice.