Dico, dicere, dixi, dictum

Definition

This term refers to the Latin verb meaning 'to say' or 'to tell.' It is a third conjugation verb that plays an essential role in forming indirect statements and reported speech in Latin. Understanding this verb is crucial because it connects with indirect objects, revealing how the subject communicates information to someone else.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The verb 'dico' is irregular and follows a unique pattern in its conjugation across different tenses.
2. 'Dico' is often used in indirect statements where the subject is reporting what someone else has said, requiring an accusative and infinitive construction.
3. In sentences using 'dico,' the indirect object typically indicates to whom the statement is directed.
4. The perfect tense form 'dixi' translates to 'I said' and is used frequently in historical texts.
5. 'Dictum' is the supine form of 'dico,' often used in compound verbs and certain constructions.

Review Questions

• How does the verb 'dico' function in forming indirect statements?
  • 'Dico' plays a key role in indirect statements by allowing a speaker to report what someone else has said. In such constructions, the subject of the reported speech is placed in the accusative case, while the infinitive form of the main verb reflects the action being reported. This structure highlights how information is conveyed from one person to another.
• What role do indirect objects play when using the verb 'dico'?
  • Indirect objects are essential when using 'dico' as they indicate to whom or for whom something is being said. In a sentence like 'Dico tibi veritatem,' meaning 'I tell you the truth,' 'tibi' serves as the indirect object showing that 'you' are the recipient of the information being communicated. Understanding this relationship clarifies how messages are directed within sentences.
• Evaluate the significance of 'dico' within Latin literature and its impact on communication structures in later languages.
  • 'Dico' holds significant importance within Latin literature as it underpins various narrative techniques, particularly in dialogue and storytelling. Its structure influences how indirect speech is constructed, allowing for richer expression of thoughts and actions. The legacy of this verb extends into Romance languages, where derivatives have shaped communication and remain vital for expressing nuances in reporting speech, illustrating its lasting impact on linguistic development.

Related terms

Indirect Object:

The recipient of the action of the verb, typically answering the question 'to whom?' or 'for whom?'

Accusative:

The case used to indicate the direct object of a verb, often following transitive verbs like 'dico.'

Infinitive:

The base form of a verb in Latin, which can be used to express actions without specifying the subject.