key term - Simple random sample

Definition

A simple random sample is a subset of individuals chosen from a larger set, where each individual has an equal probability of being selected. It ensures that every possible sample of the same size has an equal chance of selection.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Simple random samples eliminate bias in the selection process by giving each member of the population an equal chance of being chosen.
2. This sampling method is foundational for most statistical inference techniques, including hypothesis testing.
3. The accuracy of hypothesis testing results relies heavily on the randomness and representativeness of the sample.
4. Simple random sampling can be performed using methods like lottery drawing or computer-generated random numbers.
5. The validity of probability distributions used in hypothesis testing often depends on obtaining a simple random sample.

Review Questions

Related terms

Population:

The entire group from which a sample is drawn for analysis.

Sampling Bias:

Bias that occurs when some members of the population are less likely to be included in the sample than others.

Probability Distribution:

$A$ mathematical function that provides the probabilities of occurrence of different possible outcomes in an experiment.