Euploid

Definition

Euploid refers to an organism or cell having a chromosome number that is an exact multiple of the haploid number for that species. This condition is essential for normal development and function in eukaryotic organisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Euploidy ensures balanced genetic material, which is crucial for proper cell function and organismal development.
2. Most human cells are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes (2n), making them euploid.
3. Polyploidy, a type of euploidy, involves more than two sets of chromosomes and is common in plants but rare in animals.
4. Aneuploidy contrasts with euploidy by having an abnormal number of chromosomes not forming complete sets, leading to disorders like Down syndrome.
5. Euploid organisms maintain genetic stability across generations, whereas deviations from euploidy can lead to severe developmental issues.

Review Questions

Related terms

Aneuploidy: A condition where the chromosome number is not an exact multiple of the haploid number, often leading to genetic disorders.

Polyploidy: A form of euploidy where organisms have more than two complete sets of chromosomes.

Diploid:

Refers to cells with two complete sets of chromosomes (2n), typical in most eukaryotic organisms including humans.