Superpowers refer to countries that possess significant military, economic, and political influence on a global scale. During the Cold War, it specifically referred to the United States and Soviet Union due to their immense power.
The concept of superpowers emerged in the mid-20th century, particularly after World War II, marked by the dominance of the United States and the Soviet Union. These nations had unparalleled military might, extensive geopolitical influence, and leading roles in international affairs, defining the Cold War era (1947-1991).
The rivalry between the superpowers significantly shaped global politics, economics, and military strategies for nearly half a century, leading to proxy wars, the race for nuclear armaments, and the division of the world into Eastern and Western blocs. This period highlighted the impact of ideological, economic, and military power on global dynamics and the balance of power, influencing the course of international relations well into the 21st century.