Data abstraction refers to the process of simplifying complex real-world entities into manageable representations by focusing on their essential characteristics while hiding unnecessary details.
Imagine ordering food at a restaurant using only pictures on the menu instead of reading through detailed descriptions. The pictures provide an abstraction of the actual dishes, allowing you to make choices based on their essential characteristics without getting overwhelmed by all the ingredients and cooking techniques involved.
Encapsulation: Encapsulation is an object-oriented programming concept that combines data (attributes) and methods (functions) into objects while hiding internal implementation details from external users.
Inheritance: Inheritance is an object-oriented programming mechanism where one class inherits properties and behaviors from another class. It promotes code reuse and hierarchical organization of classes.
Polymorphism: Polymorphism allows objects of different types to be treated as objects of a common superclass. It enables flexibility and extensibility in programming by allowing different implementations of methods with the same name.
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